NUKZ returned 46% since its 2024 launch owning the entire nuclear chain, while URNM concentrates half its assets in just three uranium positions.
Microsoft, Amazon, and Google power deals are shifting nuclear investment logic from uranium spot prices toward utilities signing multi-decade reactor contracts.
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Uranium spot prices drove the nuclear trade higher over the past three years. That first leg is winding down, replaced by new catalysts: reactor restarts at Palisades and Three Mile Island’s Crane Clean Energy Center, power purchase agreements from Microsoft, Amazon, and Google, and small modular reactor programs moving from press release to permit. The three funds capturing this next phase are the Range Nuclear Renaissance Index ETF (NYSE:NUKZ), the Sprott Uranium Miners ETF (NYSEARCA:URNM), and the VanEck Uranium and Nuclear ETF (NYSEARCA:NLR).
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Each captures a different slice of the value chain. NUKZ runs the full stack from miners to reactor developers. URNM stays upstream in mines and physical uranium. NLR tilts toward utilities and infrastructure operators that sell the electrons. Recent performance has been rough across all three, with NUKZ, URNM, and NLR each down roughly 10% to 14% over the past month, making this sorting exercise timely.
Why Phase 2 Looks Different From Phase 1
Nuclear’s share of U.S. electricity generation is forecast at 18% in both 2026 and 2027, roughly steady, but demand composition is shifting. Commercial electricity use is on track to pass residential consumption for the first time on record in 2027, driven largely by data centers in Texas and the broader West South Central region. Industrial electricity demand is forecast to grow 1% in 2026 and 4% in 2027. That load requires firm, low-carbon capacity, and existing nuclear plants plus SMR pipelines offer the shortest path.
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The investment logic changes as a result. Phase 1 was a bet on the U3O8 spot price rerating higher after a decade of underinvestment. Phase 2 is a bet on who monetizes the buildout: utilities signing multi-decade PPAs with hyperscalers, reactor operators bringing mothballed capacity online, and enrichment and fuel-service specialists between miners and reactors.
NUKZ: The Full-Stack Renaissance Bet
Launched on January 23, 2024, this fund owns the entire nuclear value chain rather than one slice. The portfolio spans 53 holdings across reactor developers, SMR companies, utilities, uranium miners, and fuel-cycle service providers. An investor avoiding the choice between a miner rally or utility rerating gets exposure to both inside one wrapper. NUKZ offers diversified exposure to the nuclear energy ecosystem without requiring sector-timing decisions.
Assets stand at $757 million, with a P/E ratio of 19 and a beta of 1.64. That beta signals the portfolio moves more than the S&P 500, even with utility exposure included. SMR and reactor-developer names push volatility toward growth.
Since inception, the fund has compounded at 46%, though the trailing month shows a 9% drawdown. The tradeoff is dilution: by owning the whole chain, investors own parts working against each other in a given month. When uranium prices weaken, miners drag the fund even as utilities benefit from lower fuel costs. The 52-week range of $56 to $77 shows price movement within a single year. Yield is thin at 0.9%, fitting a growth-oriented sleeve.
URNM: Concentrated Upstream Leverage
The purest way to own the mining side is this fund. The top three positions comprise 47% of net assets: Cameco at 21%, the Sprott Physical Uranium Trust at 14%, and NexGen Energy at 13%. The physical trust allocation is the key differentiator, giving holders direct exposure to warehoused U3O8 without operational mine risk.
The rest of the top ten includes Kazatomprom in Kazakhstan, Paladin in Australia, Yellow Cake in the UK, and CGN Mining in China alongside North American names like Denison, Uranium Energy Corp, and Energy Fuels. The fund holds 31 uranium mining holdings against $1.73 billion in assets and charges 0.75%.
Compounding at 27% annually since its December 3, 2019 inception, this ETF is off 9% year to date and swung between $43 and $85 over 52 weeks. The dividend yield of 3.4% is unusually high for a mining-focused ETF, reflecting distributions from underlying producers. The tradeoff is familiar: if U3O8 stalls, URNM stalls with it, with no utility cash flow inside the portfolio to cushion the ride.
NLR: The Utility and Reactor-Restart Angle
Dating to August 2007, this fund tilts toward utility operators and infrastructure companies that own reactors rather than miners. That composition makes it the Phase 2 vehicle. When Constellation signs a data-center PPA or Talen Energy sells power to a hyperscaler at premium pricing, revenue lands inside NLR’s largest holdings.
The fund runs 32 holdings and $3.74 billion in assets at an expense ratio of 0.52%, the cheapest of the three. A beta of 0.83 confirms the utility tilt: this ETF moves less than the market, roughly half the beta of NUKZ. The dividend yield of 2.8% reflects the regulated-utility income profile.
This utility-heavy fund is down 12% year to date, and its 52-week range of $102 to $168 shows the utility sleeve is not immune to the pullback. The five-year annualized return of 19% indicates what the composition delivered through the first phase of the trade. NLR’s longer track record and lower volatility appeal to investors seeking nuclear exposure with less mining-driven turbulence.
Choosing Between the Three
The decision depends on which part of the nuclear thesis an investor wants to underwrite. URNM is the concentrated bet on uranium prices and mine economics, with the highest beta to spot U3O8 and largest single-name concentration in Cameco. NLR is the opposite: lower volatility, higher yield, and exposure to utilities monetizing hyperscaler contracts and reactor restarts. NUKZ sits in the middle, offering one ticker covering the entire renaissance with a 53-holding structure, at the cost of some upside URNM captures in a mining-led rally.
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